iirc, the Blue has had an update or two down the line. Earlier versions had 32MB cache and such but the current Blue WD10EZEX has 64MB just like the Black and as they also both spin at 7200 RPM on Sata III there shouldn't be much of a difference performance-wise. This is on the 1TB versions btw.
However, the smaller versions, for instance the 640GB Caviar Black that you are using, only has 32MB cache so that's probably where your difference comes from as it still spins at 7200RPM over Sata III.
Obviously, to 'justify' the price (which is up to the user really) the Blacks do come with a few extras such as Native Command Queuing and 5 year warranty instead of the 2 years that you get on Blues.
Also comparing two drives of none equal size doesn't really work, because platter numbers and sizes and a whole bunch of other factors won't be the same.