I'm aware that I quoted the torque value in SI units, that is just easier for me to relate to and generally the unit used throughout Europe. And yes i'm also aware that 295 is slightly less than 320, the power incidentally was higher but anyway I think it's safe to say they are of comparable output and application. Considering the Volvo engine has under half the displacement (2.0 compared to 4.6) I think you will agree that is an impressive achievement. Your correct they would probably be comparable to US engines had turbochargers not been implemented, but from an overall performance angle why would you not want a turbocharger (ignoring extreme applications).
While California certainly pioneered emissions standards they aren't particularly extreme. Euro 6 standards allow only 1.6 CO (g/mi) and 0.008 PM (g/mi), lower than California's ULEV50 standard of 1.7 and 0.01 (g/mi) respectively. And LEV160 which I believe is the current minimum requirement is 4.2 CO (g/mi). Not many US vehicles would meet Euro 6. Engine development has been driven by emissions for decades, they've just never been as tight in America. With far fewer taxes on fuels you are under less pressure to buy efficient vehicles and until recently the manufacturers really haven't delivered that at all which is understandable.
I never said electric motors weren't used in America, nor did I say you don't have transverse mounted engines. I've been studying for an Automotive Engineering Degree for coming up to 3 years and I can assure you that I have a balanced perspective on global developments. I think your reading into something I never said with that last paragraph. I was referring to Volvo's decision to drop the T5/T6/V8 engines and move forwards with only 2.0 engines on the XC90 and the design freedom that gives them from a safety perspective. It's much easier to keep a smaller lighter engine block from intruding on the passenger compartment during a head on collision. I would be very interested to see US vehicles taking part in EU safety tests.
I'm not slagging off the US in any way you have very different requirements and as such different products to suit them. I've always admired American engineering and i'd far sooner live in a country with NA V8's lurking beneath everyones hood. Ignoring efficiency is an efficient way to get the job done
JR