Semiconductor technology takes at 2-3 decades to go from research to practical examples, even after practical prototypes it's often a decade or so till we have techniques to manufacture the technology en masse, so since the hardest bit really is going from practical prototypes to finding ways of mass production you never really get surprises in this industry.
Silicons practical uses were discovered around the 50's but it wasn't till the 70's we could really make use of it, FinFETs prototypes came in 2001 but ofc it wasn't until 2013 we had shipping products, EUV R&D started in the 1990's, with the first prototypes coming around 2006, first practical shipping products this year.
It looks like the next big thing will be transition metal dichalcogenide monolayers (2D exfoiliatable atom layer materials of metalic atoms), similar in structure to graphene but the lack of a band gap makes graphene pretty impractical, however there's many hundreds of these materials currently in research and the most promising atm to replace silicon looks like indium selenide, which is still a decade or so away from practical uses, and maybe one of the hundreds of other "hot" materials in this space like molybdenum diselenide maybe in particular will turn out to be more practical.
Optronics could be somewhat disruptive but the use cases where it's most beneficial don't seem wide spread, same with things like quantum computing, great for some tasks but abysmal for others.
Basically, silicon still has a very long time left, we're going to be squeezing whatever we can out of it over the next decade without a doubt. But to be honest, fabs don't have to be cutting edge to be useful, most nodes are used for a decade or so after they're cutting edge with slight retooling and updates for cheaper mass manufacturing, the bigger risks are more along the lines of natural disasters.